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Dualism --- Dualisme --- Holism --- Holisme --- Internationalism --- Internationalisme --- Wholism --- Patriotism --- United States --- Ethnicity

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Holism. --- Meaning (Philosophy) --- Philosophical anthropology --- Philosophy of language --- Meaning (Philosophy). --- Holism --- Philosophy --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Wholism --- Evolution --- Whole and parts (Philosophy)

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Holism grows out of the philosophical position that an object or phenomenon is more than the sum of its parts. And yet analysis--a mental process crucial to human comprehension--involves breaking something down into its components, dismantling the whole in order to grasp it piecemeal and relationally. Wading through such quandaries with grace and precision, The Institutions of Meaning guides readers to a deepened appreciation of the entity that ultimately enables human understanding: the mind itself. This major work from one of France's most innovative philosophers goes against the grain of analytic philosophy in arguing for the view known as anthropological holism. Meaning is not fundamentally a property of mental representations, Vincent Descombes says. Rather, it arises out of thought that is holistic, embedded in social existence, and bound up with the common practices that shape the way we act and talk. To understand what an individual "believes" or "wants"--to apply psychological words to a person--we must take into account the full historical and institutional context of a person's life. But how can two people share the same thought if they do not share the same system of belief? Descombes solves this problem by developing a logic of relations that explains the ability of humans to analyze structures based on their parts. Integrating insights from anthropology, linguistics, and social theory, The Institutions of Meaning pushes philosophy forward in bold new directions.

Philosophy. --- Spirit. --- Sense (Philosophy) --- Holism. --- Wholism --- Evolution --- Whole and parts (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- Senses and sensation --- Pneuma --- Pneumatology (Philosophy) --- Pneumatology (Theology) --- Holy Spirit --- Soul --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities

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Philosophical anthropology --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- Anthropology. --- Holism. --- Anthropologie --- Holisme --- #SBIB:39A3 --- Antropologie: geschiedenis, theorie, wetenschap (incl. grondleggers van de antropologie als wetenschap) --- Wholism --- Evolution --- Whole and parts (Philosophy) --- Human beings --- Anthropology --- Holism --- Primitive societies --- Social sciences

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In this book, one of America's leading philosophers offers a sweeping reconsideration of the philosophy of culture in the twentieth century. Morton White argues that the discipline is much more important than is often recognized, and that his version of holistic pragmatism can accommodate its breadth. Going beyond Quine's dictum that philosophy of science is philosophy enough, White suggests that it should contain the word "culture" in place of "science." He defends the holistic view that scientific belief is tested by experience but that such testing is rightly applied to systems or conjunctions of beliefs, not isolated beliefs. He adds, however, that we test ethical systems by appealing to feelings of moral obligation as well as to sensory experiences. In the course of his lucidly written analysis, White treats central issues in the philosophy of science, of religion, of art, of history, of law, of politics, and of morality. While doing so he examines the views of Quine, Tarski, Goodman, and Rawls, and shows how they are related to the approaches of Peirce, James, Duhem, Russell, Dewey, Carnap, and the later Wittgenstein. He also discusses the ideas of the legal philosophers Holmes and Hart from a holistic standpoint. White demonstrates how his version of pragmatism bridges the traditional gulf between analytic and synthetic truth as well as that between moral and scientific belief. Indeed, the high point of the book is a brilliant presentation of his view of ethics, based on the idea that our scientific theories face the tribunal of observation whereas our ethical views face the joint tribunal of observation and moral feeling. Scholars and students of the history of ideas and of philosophy will welcome A Philosophy of Culture as the highly finished product of more than sixty years of philosophical reflection by an important thinker.

Culture --- -Holism --- Pragmatism --- Idealism --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Philosophy --- Philosophy, Modern --- Positivism --- Realism --- Utilitarianism --- Experience --- Reality --- Truth --- Wholism --- Evolution --- Whole and parts (Philosophy) --- Cultural sociology --- Sociology of culture --- Civilization --- Social aspects --- Holism. --- Pragmatism. --- Philosophy. --- Holism